What defines a substantial stockholder under R.A. No. 6713?

A substantial stockholder is defined as a person who has enough shares in a corporation to influence corporate decisions. This definition is grounded in the principle that ownership of a significant amount of stock equates to having power in the decision-making processes of the company. This criterion is important because substantial stockholders have a stake in the corporation's governance and direction, which aligns with the ethical guidelines set forth in R.A. No. 6713 aimed at promoting accountability and responsible conduct among public officials.

The other choices do not accurately capture the essence of what constitutes a substantial stockholder. Ownership of any amount of stock does not confer significant influence, as merely holding shares does not ensure the ability to sway decisions or policies within the corporation. Likewise, being a majority shareholder, while it may confer substantial influence, does not encompass the spectrum of influence that substantial stockholders, who may not be majority owners but still hold enough shares to impact decisions, can exert. Simply working within the corporation does not relate to ownership or the ability to influence corporate actions. Thus, the definition of substantial stockholder is specifically oriented around the capacity to influence corporate decisions, which is why the chosen answer is the most accurate.